The function of the polishing liquid

Abrasive fluid is a liquid medium that plays a key role in the grinding process. The following is a detailed introduction to its main functions:

　　Lubrication

　　During grinding, the grinding tool (such as a grinding wheel or grinding rod) and the surface of the workpiece undergo relative motion, easily generating friction. The abrasive fluid can form a lubricating film between the two, reducing the coefficient of friction, making the grinding process smoother, and reducing the wear and tear on both the grinding tool and the workpiece. For example, when grinding high-precision mechanical parts, good lubrication can avoid scratches or damage caused by excessive friction, ensuring the flatness and smoothness of the part surface.

　　Cooling

　　During grinding, due to frictional heat, the temperature of the workpiece and the grinding tool will rise rapidly. Excessive temperature may cause changes in the material properties of the workpiece, such as thermal deformation, affecting its size accuracy and surface quality, and may also reduce the hardness of the grinding tool and increase wear. The abrasive fluid can absorb and remove a large amount of heat, effectively cooling the workpiece and the grinding tool, maintaining them within a suitable operating temperature range. For example, when grinding metal molds, the continuous cooling effect of the abrasive fluid ensures that the final molding quality of the mold meets the requirements.

　　Deburring

　　Grinding produces a large amount of debris. If this debris remains in the grinding area, it will affect the grinding effect, leading to scratches on the workpiece surface and increased roughness. The abrasive fluid can promptly flush away the debris generated during grinding, allowing it to be discharged from the grinding area with the flow of the abrasive fluid, keeping the grinding surface clean, and thus improving the grinding quality. For example, in the grinding process of optical lenses, timely debris removal ensures that the lenses have good light transmittance and a smooth surface after grinding.

　　Dispersion

　　Certain components in the abrasive fluid can evenly disperse the abrasive particles generated during grinding in the liquid, preventing the abrasive particles from agglomerating. This ensures that the abrasive particles act uniformly on the workpiece surface during grinding, making the grinding effect more uniform and consistent, and avoiding local over-grinding or insufficient grinding. In the grinding of some precision ceramic products, well-dispersed abrasive particles help to obtain a high-precision, high-quality surface.

　　Chemical Action

　　Some abrasive fluids contain specific chemical additives. These additives can react chemically with the workpiece surface, generating some softer compounds, making grinding easier and providing chemical assistance to the grinding process. For example, for some harder metal materials, abrasive fluids containing special chemicals can soften the surface oxide layer through chemical reactions, facilitating subsequent grinding removal, improving grinding efficiency, and improving workpiece surface quality.

　　Rust Prevention

　　After grinding, if the workpiece cannot immediately enter the next process or undergo protective treatment, the remaining abrasive fluid can, to a certain extent, provide rust prevention, preventing the workpiece surface from rusting and protecting the workpiece from corrosion in a short period. For example, after grinding some iron workpieces, abrasive fluid containing rust inhibitors can prevent them from rusting quickly in the workshop environment.